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Introduction: What is TOLERANCE.DATA.2009.1.GREEK? At first glance, the string TOLERANCE.DATA.2009.1.GREEK appears to be a variable name or a file identifier from a social sciences dataset. In the nomenclature of large-scale comparative surveys—such as the European Social Survey (ESS), the European Values Study (EVS), or the World Values Survey (WVS)—such codes are common. This particular label suggests a data module measuring tolerance (likely social, political, or ethnic tolerance), collected in 2009 , possibly wave 1 of a specific study, with a focus on Greek respondents or the Greek context.

For policymakers, the data is a cautionary tale: Economic shocks erode ethnic tolerance faster than any political campaign can rebuild it. For Greece, 2009 marks the last year of innocence – and the first year of data that would predict the social convulsions of the next decade. TOLERANCE.DATA.2009.1.GREEK

| Indicator | Greece 2009 | Greece 2018 | Change | |-----------|-------------|-------------|--------| | Tolerance of immigrants as neighbors (0-10 scale) | 5.8 | 4.2 | | | Support for same-sex civil unions | 45% | 64% | +42% | | Trust in EU institutions | 62% | 33% | -47% | | Willingness to tolerate tax evasion | 48% | 12% | -75% | Introduction: What is TOLERANCE