Tabel Montage - Tijden Conform Gustav Ende !!top!!

| Code | Motion Element | Description | |------|----------------|-------------| | | Reaching (Hinlangen) | Moving empty hand to object | | G | Grasping (Greifen) | Taking hold of part/tool | | B | Moving (Bewegen) | Transporting part/tool through air | | F | Guiding (Führen) | Aligning and positioning | | Z | Inserting (Zusammenfügen) | Joining two components (e.g., pin into hole) | | L | Releasing (Loslassen) | Letting go of part | | SB | Side motion (Seitenbewegen) | Very short movement (<10 cm) | | W | Turning (Wenden) | Rotating wrist or part |

For decades, the Tabel Montage Tijden Conform Gustav Ende (Assembly Time Table according to Gustav Ende) was a staple in German and Dutch industrial engineering handbooks. It was a pocket-sized bible for time study analysts, foremen, and production planners. Today, while largely replaced by digital work measurement systems, the logic, structure, and practical wisdom of the Gustav Ende tables remain surprisingly relevant. TABEL MONTAGE TIJDEN CONFORM GUSTAV ENDE

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Final standard time = 0.115 × 1.15 ≈ (7.9 seconds) | Code | Motion Element | Description |

| Motion | 10 cm | 25 cm | 50 cm | 100 cm | |--------|-------|-------|-------|--------| | Reach, simple | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.1 | | Move, light | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.4 | | Move, heavy (3 kg) | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 2.0 | | Align, easy | 1.2 | – | – | – | | Insert, loose | 1.5 | – | – | – | His name is

In the Netherlands and Germany, many factories transitioned directly from Gustav Ende to or MTM-1 in the 1970s and 1980s. Today, these standards are embedded in software that interfaces with 3D CAD models and simulation (e.g., Siemens Process Simulate, Visual Components).

The classic Gustav Ende table typically contains the following :